【阅读】如何猜中作者的小心思?

2021/05/06 10:23:32
不知道大家有没有过这样的感觉:
学霸眼中的题目:
A. 我是答案    B. 答案不是我
C. 答案是A     D. A是答案
 
我眼中的题目:
A. 这个好像是对的    B. 这个好像也没错啊
C. 这个看不懂       D. 这个又是什么鬼
 
   尤其遇到识别作者目的的问题时,总觉得自己跟作者频道不同,完美避开了所有信号……
   怎样才能破除这种尴尬呢?来看下面的小妙招吧!
 
   在阅读题目中,作者的目的可能是指整个文本的交流目的,也可能指某些细节的目的,例如:作者为何引用某句话/使用某一例证?而此类题目常与文本的核心思想和整个文本的交流目的紧密相关,否则文本的逻辑便不够严谨。
   因此,无论是确定整体还是某个细节的目的,都要和全文的核心要点相联系。要识别作者的目的,就要把握文本的核心话题。
 
如何通过把握文本核心话题及主旨来识别作者的目的?
 
答题过程可分为四步:
1. 仔细阅读题干和选项
2. 带着问题阅读原文
3. 抓住原文的主题大意、情感倾向
4. 通过比对或排除等方法确定正确选项
 
答题技巧
 
1. 确定核心话题
2. 抓关键词:排除或确定
3. 一步一步排除
 
学习完干货技能,来道阅读大赛真题讲解!
 
   The value of fairy tales lies not in a brief literary escape from reality, but in the gift of hope that goodness truly is more powerful than evil and that even the darkest reality can lead to a Happily Ever After. Do not take that gift of hope lightly. It has the power to conquer despair in the midst of sorrow, to light the darkness in the valleys of life, to whisper "One more time" in the face of failure.
 
What is the main purpose of this text?
A. To provide a definition of fairy tales by examples. 
B. To illustrate the importance of hope with fairy tales. 
C. To expound the importance of reading fairy tales. 
D. To inspire people to cling to hope as fairy tales imply.
 
首先,正确审题,阅读题干和选项。
   本题问的是the main purpose of this text。A选项关键信息为a definition,B选项关键信息为the importance of hope,C选项关键信息为the importance of reading fairy tales,D选项的态度、语气与B选项相似。
   其次,细看原文,抓住核心话题。
   本题第一句话中value of fairy tales点明了这个文本的主题,即童话故事的价值或意义。中间一句Do not take that gift of hope lightly. It has the power to conquer despair … 较为明显地表达了作者的目的,即童话故事的价值在于给人鼓舞和力量,战胜绝望。因此本题选择C选项。
 
   下面是真题演练时间!看你能否答对~
 
          Every intelligence has to be taught. A human brain, which is genetically primed to categorize things, still needs to see a dozen examples before it can distinguish between cats and dogs. That's even more true for artificial minds. Even the best-programmed computer has to play at least a thousand games of chess before it gets good. Part of the AI (Artificial Intelligence) breakthrough lies in the incredible avalanche of collected data about our world, which provides the schooling that AIs need. Massive databases, self-tracking, web cookies, online footprints, terabytes of storage, decades of search results, Wikipedia, and the entire digital universe became the teachers making AI smart.
 
       The example of a human brain is used to illustrate that artificial intelligence is taught  by teachers in the same way that students are taught at school.
          True (   )  False (   )
 
   答案:False
   真题解析:
   Step 1:先看题目
   实际是问:What is the purpose of the example of a human brain?          
   Step 2:细读文本,确定核心话题
   文本对a human brain的陈述是:即使人脑生来就有识别和归类事物的潜能,但仍需要大量的辨别练习才能正确归类。文本接下来描述电脑如何通过更多的练习,来学会识别和判断事物。
   Step 3:抓关键词,对选项排除或确定
   题目中的关键词是 taught at school。但是,文本并未涉及到学校的学习这一细节,电脑的学习途径是否和人脑在学校学习的过程一样,我们并不能从文本本身判断出来。因此确定题干的表述是错误的。